Revision Blocks — Complete Solved Exercises

The three Revision sections of the textbook

Textbook: English 9, KP Textbook Board

Block	Pages	Placed after	Covers
Revision 1	50–54	Unit 5	Nouns, pronouns, articles, modals, verbs, participles, gerunds, perfect tenses
Revision 2	103–107	Unit 10	Adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, sentence types, phrases, clauses, punctuation, voice
Revision 3	150–151	Unit 15	Quotation marks, hyphens, ellipsis, parentheses, indirect speech

REVISION 1 (pp.50–54) — after Unit 5

Exercise 1: Common noun or proper noun? For each, write a related noun of the other kind

Example: leader → leader, common noun ——— Quaid-e-Azam, proper noun

Word	Kind	Related noun of the other kind
author	common	Allama Iqbal
mountain	common	K-2
teacher	common	Prof. Kamal
Prof. Kamal	proper	professor / teacher
building	common	Minar-e-Pakistan
Eid	proper	festival
park	common	Kirthar National Park
friend	common	Ali
city	common	Peshawar
river	common	the Indus
Islamia College	proper	college
France	proper	country
Karachi	proper	city
hero	common	Quaid-e-Azam
boy	common	Ahmad

⚠ Correction: Eid is a proper noun — it is the name of a particular festival and always takes a capital letter. It is not a common noun.

Exercise 2: Identify the collective nouns and use them in new sentences

#	Sentence	Collective noun	New sentence
i	The staff quickly responded to the alarm.	staff	The staff of our school is very cooperative.
ii	The audience stood up and cheered the speaker.	audience	The audience clapped at the end of the play.
iii	Suddenly the class became very quiet.	class	Our class won the inter-school quiz.
iv	The board met last night to vote on the budget.	board	The board of directors approved the plan.
v	Her family is going to Nathiagali this weekend.	family	My family lives in Peshawar.

Exercise 3: Make the plural, and identify which nouns change meaning in the plural

Singular	Plural	Changes meaning?
arm	arms	Yes — arm = a limb; arms = weapons
brother-in-law	brothers-in-law	No
court room	court rooms	No
shoe lace	shoe laces	No
Commander-in-chief	Commanders-in-chief	No

Rule for compound nouns: the principal word takes the plural — brothers-in-law, Commanders-in-chief, passers-by.

Exercise 4: Sort out the uncountable nouns and use them in sentences

Uncountable	Sentence	Countable
sugar	Please add some sugar to my tea.	mango
flour	We bought a bag of flour.	star
bread	She baked fresh bread this morning.	orange
milk	Milk is good for growing children.	candy
tea	My father drinks tea every morning.
chocolate	I love the taste of chocolate.

(Note: "start" in the textbook list appears to be a misprint for "star". "Chocolate" and "tea" become countable when we mean bars or cups.)

Exercise 5: Write three sentences having noun phrases and underline the noun phrase

Our team won the match.
He is facing a serious problem.
She confessed her guilt.

Exercise 6: Change from singular to plural and from plural to singular

#	Given	Answer
i	He is a smart boy.	They are smart boys.
ii	Is he a nice character?	Are they nice characters?
iii	Is this man a worker?	Are these men workers?
iv	Are the bottles on the table?	Is the bottle on the table?
v	The pencils are not in the boxes.	The pencil is not in the box.

Exercise 7: Replace the underlined words with pronouns

#	Sentence	Answer
i	Farid planted the cucumbers so that Farid would have the cucumber for salad.	he … it
ii	The children loved the parrot and taught the parrot singing.	it
iii	When the alarm rang, I turned the alarm off.	it
iv	Salma washed the peaches and put the peaches in a bowl.	them
v	That is the watch that Saira's parents gave Saira as a graduation present.	her

Exercise 8: Underline the pronoun and its antecedent

#	Sentence	Pronoun	Antecedent
i	Salman sent Roman the address of the house that he had bought.	he	Salman
ii	The first thing that Mrs. Ali reads in the newspaper is the comic strips that she loves.	she	Mrs. Ali
iii	When Imran and Salman came in, they were laughing.	they	Imran and Salman
iv	Although the tree lost several branches in the storm, it is still healthy.	it	the tree
v	Khanum took down the curtains but she did not have time to wash them.	she / them	Khanum / the curtains

Exercise 10: Fill in with a, an, the, or X

#	Sentence	Answer
i	Do you live in ____ Peshawar?	X (no article with city names)
ii	He is ____ teacher who taught us English.	the (a particular teacher)
iii	I bought ____ umbrella.	an (vowel sound)
iv	He has ____ lovely cat.	a

#	Original	Correct modal sentence
i	She is not able to read Chinese.	She cannot read Chinese.
ii	Do you think we are allowed to park here?	Do you think we may park here?
iii	You don't have to do this exercise.	You need not do this exercise.
iv	We have to stop when the traffic lights are red.	We must stop when the traffic lights are red.
v	Am I allowed to ask a question?	May I ask a question?

⚠ Important correction on (iii): the answer is "You need not do this exercise", NOT "You must not do this exercise."

don't have to / need not = it is not necessary (you may do it if you wish)
must not = it is forbidden (you are not allowed to do it)

These two are opposites, and confusing them is one of the commonest errors in the examination.

Exercise 12: Find the irregular verbs and use them in sentences

Irregular verbs	Sentence
be	He was absent yesterday.
have	They had a good time at the party.
meet	I met my old friend in the market.
put	She put the book on the table.
buy	My father bought a new car.
teach	Our teacher taught us grammar.
catch	The police caught the thief.
find	I found my lost pen.
lose	He lost his way in the forest.
tell	She told me the truth.
set	The sun set behind the hills.
sell	The Jew sold the well to Hazrat Usman (R.A).
build	They built a new school last year.
drink	He drank a glass of milk.

Regular verbs in the list: watch, cook, answer, want, open. ("when" is not a verb at all.)

Exercise 13: Find the transitive verbs and use them in sentences

Transitive verbs	Sentence
give	She gave the beggar a coin.
eat	The children eat their lunch at one o'clock.
drink	He drinks milk every morning.
keep	Please keep your books in the bag.

Intransitive verbs in the list: go, run, look, sleep.

Exercise 14: "The World of Living Things" — participles and gerunds

Category	Words from the passage
Present participles used as adjectives (circle)	flying creatures · digging animals · land-living animals · surprising differences
Present participles used as gerunds (underline)	by studying · by swimming · for escaping · of classifying · "moving in different ways"
Gerund phrases (double underline)	studying how members of the animal kingdom are alike · escaping from predators · moving in different ways · classifying of a wider group of features

The test: if the -ing word describes a noun, it is a participle used as an adjective (flying creatures). If it works as a noun itself — as the subject, or after a preposition — it is a gerund (by swimming, for escaping).

Exercise 15: Form gerunds and complete the sentences

#	Sentence	Answer
i	In many countries, ______ can provide an economical way of moving around.	cycling
ii	______ is exciting, especially if you catch a big wave.	surfing
iii	Laila is talented in ______ and has received awards in many art competitions.	painting
iv	My friend's hobby is ______ so she is going to make a big cake for my birthday.	baking
v	He was accused of ______ in the examination.	cheating
vi	______ is strenuous on mountain trails.	hiking
vii	______ is easy, but only if your rope is of the correct length.	skipping
viii	______ is a dangerous sport.	racing
ix	Settling into a new school involves ______ new friends.	making
x	The thief admitted ______ the priceless painting.	stealing

⚠ Spelling note: skip → skipping, race → racing, make → making, steal → stealing, bake → baking. Verbs ending in a single vowel + consonant double the consonant (skip → skipping); verbs ending in silent e drop the e (race → racing, make → making, bake → baking). The textbook's word-bank spelling "steel" is a misprint for steal.

Exercise 16: Change the verb into the correct form of the PRESENT PERFECT tense

Structure: has / have + past participle (V3)

#	Sentence	Answer
1	She ______ (be) sick.	has been
2	I ______ (finish) my task.	have finished
3	Rashida ______ (qualify) the exam.	has qualified
4	You ______ (make) a beautiful painting.	have made
5	They ______ (plan) for starting a business.	have planned

⚠ Common error: only item 1 takes has been, because its verb is be. Items 2–5 must use the past participle of their own verbs — finished, qualified, made, planned — not "have been."

Exercise 17: Complete in the PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS tense

Structure: had + been + present participle (V-ing)

#	Sentence	Answer
1	She ______ (play) for two hours.	had been playing
2	They ______ (wait) for you since Wednesday.	had been waiting
3	Karim ______ (teach) since 23rd July 2007.	had been teaching
4	Haleema ______ (study) since morning.	had been studying
5	They ______ (run) their business for ten years.	had been running

⚠ Common error: the answer is not just "had been" — the -ing form of the given verb must follow. Remember: for + a length of time; since + a point in time.

REVISION 2 (pp.103–107) — after Unit 10

Exercise 1: Underline the adjectives

#	Sentence	Adjectives
i	The team has had enough practice.	enough (quantity)
ii	She did not eat any fruit.	any (quantity)
iii	He is a noisy boy.	noisy (quality)
iv	They showed much patience.	much (quantity)
v	This is a Pakistani cloth.	This (demonstrative), Pakistani (quality/origin)

Exercise 2: Change into adjectives and give the comparative and superlative degrees

Example: harm → harmful → more harmful → most harmful

Noun	Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
love	lovely	lovelier	loveliest
grace	graceful	more graceful	most graceful
music	musical	more musical	most musical
juice	juicy	juicier	juiciest
fool	foolish	more foolish	most foolish
dust	dusty	dustier	dustiest
nation	national	more national	most national
child	childish	more childish	most childish
danger	dangerous	more dangerous	most dangerous
comfort	comfortable	more comfortable	most comfortable

Exercise 3: Use the correct degree of the adjective

#	Sentence	Answer
i	This is the ______ tree in the garden. (tall)	tallest (superlative)
ii	She is a ______ woman. (wise)	wise (positive)
iii	He is the ______ of all brothers. (young)	youngest (superlative)
iv	Prevention is ______ than cure. (good)	better (comparative)
v	Your composition is the ______ of all. (bad)	worst (superlative)

Exercise 4: Complete using the proper order of adjectives

Order: Opinion → Size → Age → Shape → Colour → Origin → Material → Purpose

#	Sentence	Correct answer	Order
1	All the students liked the ______ teacher.	handsome new English	opinion → age → origin
2	He recently married a ______ woman.	beautiful young Punjabi	opinion → age → origin
3	This is a ______ movie.	wonderful new Pakistani	opinion → age → origin
4	He is a ______ player.	smart brave Pakistani	opinion → opinion → origin
5	It's in the ______ container.	large blue metal	size → colour → material

Exercise 5: Underline the adverb and say which question it answers

#	Sentence	Adverb	Question answered
1	As he ran quickly, he suddenly stumbled.	quickly / suddenly	How? / How? (manner)
2	Weather forecasters frequently make mistakes.	frequently	How often?
3	If you will wait here, Mr. Khan will see you shortly.	here / shortly	Where? / When?
4	The extremely fierce storm damaged the town extensively.	extremely / extensively	To what extent or degree? / How?
5	The load shifted slightly, and the truck lurched dangerously.	slightly / dangerously	To what degree? / How?

Exercise 6: Choose the correct degree of adverb

#	Sentence	Answer
1	My younger brother plays hockey ______ than me.	better (than → comparative)
2	She sings ______.	well (positive)
3	She works ______ than me.	more quickly (comparative)
4	He listened to me ______.	carefully (positive)
5	The player hit the ball ______.	forcefully (positive)

Exercise 7: Use the given degrees of adverb in sentences

Adverb	Sentence
more carefully	Please drive more carefully than you did yesterday.
most carefully	Of all the students, Ali writes most carefully.
less expensive	This shirt is less expensive than that one.
least expensive	I bought the least expensive book in the shop.
less fairly	The second judge acted less fairly than the first.
least fairly	He behaved least fairly of all the players.
better	She sings better than her sister.
best	Of all the boys, Ahmad plays best.
worse	He performed worse in the second test.
worst	She did worst of all in the examination.

Exercise 8: Replace the underlined adverbs with adverbial phrases

Example: All ran quickly → All ran with great speed

#	Sentence	Answer
1	He answered me rudely.	He answered me in a rude manner.
2	The stone fell here.	The stone fell at this place.
3	She is sleeping now.	She is sleeping at this moment.
4	She attempted the paper carefully.	She attempted the paper with great care.
5	My brother drives carefully.	My brother drives with care.

Exercise 9: Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions

Word bank: between · with · till · for · beneath · across · around · about · of · from

#	Sentence	Answer
1	He is fond ______ tea.	of
2	She was angry ______ me.	with
3	Let us hope ______ the best.	for
4	They were absent ______ the class.	from
5	He will reach in ______ twenty minutes.	about
6	My village is ______ the river.	across
7	The earth moves ______ the sun.	around
8	They are sitting ______ the tree.	beneath
9	There is a river ______ the two cities.	between
10	Wait ______ tomorrow.	till

Note: angry with a person but angry at/about a thing. Between is used for two; among for more than two.

Exercise 10: Use the following prepositional phrases in sentences

Phrase	Sentence
abide by	Every citizen must abide by the law of the land.
absent from	He was absent from school for three days.
accused of	The man was accused of stealing the watch.
appear before	The witness had to appear before the judge.
care for	She has to care for her old parents.
died of	The poor shoemaker died of slow starvation.

Exercise 11: Simple or compound sentence? Circle the conjunction in compound sentences

#	Sentence	Type	Conjunction
1	It is very hot in the afternoon.	Simple	—
2	I'm leaving now but I will be back in an hour's time.	Compound	but
3	Dad took out a thousand rupee note and gave it to the cashier.	Simple	— (one subject, two verbs)
4	The fishermen went out in the morning and came back with a lot of fish.	Simple	— (one subject, two verbs)
5	Rahim said good bye to everyone.	Simple	—
6	Every country celebrated the new year.	Simple	—
7	We were planning to go to the zoo but our car broke down on the way.	Compound	but
8	Ms. Naheed was not feeling well, so she went to see the doctor.	Compound	so
9	Uncle Khan is teaching me to drive.	Simple	—
10	Would you like to go to the museum or to the zoo?	Simple	— (or joins two phrases, not two clauses)

The key test: a sentence is compound only when the conjunction joins two complete clauses, each with its own subject and verb. In items 3, 4 and 10 the conjunction joins two verbs or two phrases sharing one subject, so those sentences remain simple.

Exercise 12: Identify the phrases and state their kind

#	Sentence	Phrase	Kind
1	You can buy it in all places.	in all places	Adverb phrase (where?)
2	He replied in a very rude manner.	in a very rude manner	Adverb phrase (how?)
3	How does he live without any worries?	without any worries	Adverb phrase (how?)

Exercise 13: Underline the clause and name its kind

#	Sentence	Clause	Kind
1	The angler said that he hadn't caught any fish that morning.	that he hadn't caught any fish that morning	Noun clause (object of said)
2	I wondered if she was free.	if she was free	Noun clause (object of wondered)
3	Though he didn't receive formal schooling, he is clever and industrious.	Though he didn't receive formal schooling	Adverb clause (concession)
4	The boys who misbehaved in the class were suspended.	who misbehaved in the class	Adjective clause (describes boys)
5	He who laughs last laughs best.	who laughs last	Adjective clause (describes He)

Exercise 14: Rewrite using appropriate punctuation and capital letters

#	Given	Corrected
1	my best friend and his family are moving to swat	My best friend and his family are moving to Swat.
2	you dont look happy to see me do you	You don't look happy to see me, do you?
3	you shouldnt have done this to Jameel	You shouldn't have done this to Jameel.
4	there is a large rain forest in south america	There is a large rain forest in South America.
5	I have never been to changa manga	I have never been to Changa Manga.

Note: items 2 and 3 need apostrophes (don't, shouldn't); item 2 is a question tag, so it takes a comma before it and a question mark at the end. Swat, South America and Changa Manga are proper nouns and need capitals.

Exercise 15: Change into the passive voice

#	Active	Passive
1	The teacher praised the boy.	The boy was praised by the teacher.
2	Everyone liked the idea.	The idea was liked by everyone.
3	Alia sang a song.	A song was sung by Alia.

Exercise 16: Change active to passive and passive to active

#	Given	Answer
1	She gave the beggar a five rupee coin. (active)	The beggar was given a five rupee coin by her.
2	They are painting the walls. (active)	The walls are being painted by them.
3	The car has been fixed by the mechanic. (passive)	The mechanic has fixed the car.
4	She accepted their invitation with pleasure. (active)	Their invitation was accepted by her with pleasure.

REVISION 3 (pp.150–151) — after Unit 15

Exercise 1: Insert quotation marks where needed

#	Corrected sentence
1	"She's been known to sing beautifully," commented Ali.
2	The blog entry she posted is called "Easy Recipes."
3	"The talent show begins immediately after lunch," said Ibrar.
4	"Did you see the talent show?" asked Jan.
5	"There might be a rainbow after the rainfall," said our teacher.

Notes: In items 1, 3 and 5 the quotation comes first, so it ends with a comma inside the quotation marks before the reporting verb. In item 2 the quotation marks enclose the title of a short work. In item 4 the question mark belongs to the quotation, so no extra question mark is added after Jan — the textbook's second question mark is an error.

Exercise 2: Insert hyphens and state the rule

#	Sentence	Corrected	Rule
1	…we noticed several hitch hikers.	several hitch-hikers	compound word
2	When you are proofreading your writing…	proof-reading (also written as one word)	compound word
3	When Irum was twenty nine years old…	twenty-nine	compound number
4	The student who studies days in advance usually does excellent on a test.	no hyphen needed	—
5	…feel self-confident about speaking in fro / nt of large crowds.	in front of	dividing syllables — front is a one-syllable word and must never be broken across lines

Exercise 3: Rewrite omitting text and using an ellipsis

#	Original	With ellipsis
1	The children played in the playground on all the equipment including the swings, the slide, the monkey bars, and the merry-go-round.	The children played in the playground on all the equipment including the swings … and the merry-go-round.
2	When we think about it carefully, and we should be careful to think about it, the use of punctuation is a science and an art.	When we think about it carefully … the use of punctuation is a science and an art.
3	The dog looked at the large cat and then looked away.	The dog looked at the … cat and then looked away.
4	"No, no, no, no!" exclaimed Horace.	"No, no …!" exclaimed Horace.
5	The flower arrangement was unusual.	The flower arrangement was … unusual. (showing hesitation)

Exercise 4: Rewrite placing parentheses in the correct places

#	Corrected sentence	Why
1	I wanted to go on Monday (my day off!) but no one else did.	explanatory aside
2	Belize (formerly British Honduras) is in Central America.	supplementary information
3	If you want to be healthy, you must (1) eat good food, (2) get sufficient exercise, and (3) get adequate sleep.	numbers in an enumeration
4	I need one hundred (100) rupees for a few days.	an amount in numbers previously expressed in words
5	That movie reminded me (I remember it well) about the adventure we had.	parenthetical comment

Exercise 5: Change into indirect speech

#	Direct	Indirect
1	He said, "I have got a toothache."	He said that he had got a toothache.
2	Manahil said, "I am very busy now."	Manahil said that she was very busy then.
3	"Hurry up," she said to us.	She told us to hurry up.
4	"Give me a cup of water," he told her.	He asked her to give him a cup of water.
5	She said, "I am going to college."	She said that she was going to college.

Rules applied: tense goes one step back (have got → had got, am → was); pronouns change (I → he/she, me → him); time words change (now → then); commands and requests take told / asked + to + verb, and the quotation marks and comma disappear.

MASTER GRAMMAR CHECKLIST FOR THE ANNUAL EXAMINATION

Topic	Unit	Key point to revise
Noun — kinds and number	1	countable/uncountable, collective, material, abstract; compound plurals
Pronoun	2	relative, indefinite, antecedent agreement, anaphoric vs cataphoric
Articles, modals, verb types	3	a/an/the/X; must not ≠ need not; transitive vs intransitive
Participles, infinitives, gerunds	4	gerund = noun; participle = adjective
Tenses	5	present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous; since vs for
Adjectives	6	types, degrees, OSASCOMP order, formation
Adverbs	7	kinds, position, degrees, adverbial phrases, adverb clauses
Prepositions	8	position, time, movement; prepositional phrases
Sentence types	9	simple, compound, complex — count the clauses, not the verbs
Phrases and clauses	10	main, subordinate, relative; noun/adjective/adverb clause
Punctuation I	11	comma, colon, semi-colon, transition words, capitals
Voice	12	active ↔ passive, tense by tense
Punctuation II	13	hyphen, dash, quotation marks
Punctuation III	14	parentheses, ellipsis
Narration	15	direct ↔ indirect speech; the six rules of change