Unit 3 — Quaid, A Great Leader

Complete Solved Exercises

Textbook: English 9, KP Textbook Board — Unit 3, pp.24–32
Theme: Role model
Grammar: Articles, modal verbs, regular & irregular verbs, transitive & intransitive verbs
Writing: Essay writing with the help of mind map, paragraph writing, summary, translation

COMPREHENSION (pp.28–29)

A. Answer the following questions

1. Describe the person who had come out of the aeroplane at Mauripur, Karachi, on August 7, 1947.
The first person to step out of the aeroplane was a tall and dignified man wearing a pure white Sherwani. He was Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the Quaid-e-Azam — the founder and first Governor General of Pakistan, and the leader who had won Pakistan for his people. He was calm, serious and sober, and although he was a man of very strong feelings, he rarely showed them.

2. Why did the crowd roar in one voice, "Pakistan Zindabad!"?
The crowd roared in one voice because the man who had come out of the aeroplane was their great leader, Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He was the founder and first Governor General of their new country, and it was he who had won Pakistan for them. The people were overjoyed and excited to see the leader who had made their dream of a separate homeland come true, so everyone pushed forward to welcome him and to get as close to him as possible in order to see him clearly.

3. Why had people become homeless?
People had become homeless because of the partition of the sub-continent, when India and Pakistan became separate countries. Pakistan's first year was terrible: half a million Indian Muslims were either killed or imprisoned, and six and a half million people left their homes and took refuge in Pakistan because of Indian atrocities. Thousands more were attacked and killed on the roads and railways as they tried to reach their homeland.

4. Why did the Quaid-e-Azam look satisfied?
Although Muhammad Ali Jinnah was at that time tired and far from well, he had the satisfaction of knowing that the greater part of his work was done. By the force of his determination and leadership, a people who had once been a defeated group — with little to hope for in an empire ruled by a foreign power — had become the greatest of the Muslim States and the fifth largest nation in the world. Seventy million people who once had no country to call their own had become a nation with great ideals and a great faith.

5. What did the Quaid tell the people about equal rights?
A few days after he landed in Karachi, Muhammad Ali Jinnah told his people: "You are free to go to your temples; you are free to go to your mosques or to any other place of worship in this state of Pakistan. You may belong to any religion or caste — we are all citizens of one state." In saying this he was, of course, reminding them of the Holy Prophet's (S.A.W) teaching that all men are equal in the eyes of Allah.

6. Find a sentence from the text having cause and effect.

"Six and half million people left their homes and took refuge in Pakistan due to Indian atrocities."

Here the cause is Indian atrocities and the effect is that six and a half million people left their homes and took refuge in Pakistan. The signal words due to mark the cause-and-effect relationship.

(Another acceptable answer: "There was much in those days of violence to sadden Jinnah…" — the violence is the cause, Jinnah's sadness the effect.)

7. Identify a sentence from the text expressing an opinion.

"Perhaps he was thinking of the millions of people who had become homeless when India and Pakistan became separate countries."

The word perhaps shows that this is the writer's own guess or opinion, not a proved fact — nobody could know what the Quaid was actually thinking.

(Another acceptable answer: "In that smile could be seen the warm hearted man behind the stern Quaid-e-Azam.")

B. Choose the correct answer

C. What do you understand by the following phrases? Explain

D. Use the following words in sentences of your own

VOCABULARY (p.29)

E. Find the meaning from the dictionary and identify the part of speech

F. Consult a thesaurus and find out the antonyms of the following words

WRITING (pp.29–30)

G. Write an essay on your favourite / ideal personality

Mind-map branches given in the book: appearance · attitude towards life · qualities · achievements

My Ideal Personality — Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Every person has someone whom he admires and wishes to follow. My ideal personality is Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan.

Appearance. The Quaid was a tall, thin and dignified man. He was always dressed immaculately, whether in a well-cut Western suit or in the pure white Sherwani and Jinnah cap that he wore when he landed at Mauripur on 7 August 1947. His very appearance commanded respect, and he looked every inch a leader.

Attitude towards life. He was calm, serious and sober. Although he was a man of very strong feelings, he rarely showed them; even amid the cheers and tears of joy on Independence Day he showed no sign of pride. He was disciplined, punctual and honest, and he never told a lie or broke a promise. He believed in hard work and in constitutional struggle rather than in violence.

Qualities. His greatest qualities were determination, integrity and fearlessness. He could not be bought or frightened. He was a brilliant lawyer and a matchless negotiator. Above all he was just: he told the people of Pakistan that they were free to go to their temples or their mosques, for all citizens of the state were equal.

Achievements. By the sheer force of his determination and leadership, a people who had once been a defeated group in an empire ruled by a foreign power became the greatest of the Muslim States and the fifth largest nation in the world. He won a separate homeland for seventy million Muslims and became the first Governor General of Pakistan.

I admire the Quaid because he proved that one honest and determined man can change the destiny of a whole nation. His motto — Unity, Faith and Discipline — is the guiding principle of my own life.

H. Analyse the last paragraph in the text to identify general idea and supporting details

Last paragraph:

"Muhammad Ali Jinnah was at this time tired and far from well but he had the satisfaction of knowing that the greater part of his work was done. By the force of his determination and leadership, a people who had once been a defeated group, with little to hope for, in an empire ruled by a foreign power, had become the greatest of the Muslim States and the 5th largest nation in the world. Seventy million people, who once had no country to call their own, had become a nation — with great ideals and a great faith…"

I. Write down the summary of the lesson

Summary

On 7 August 1947 a silver aircraft landed at Mauripur airport in Karachi, and a tall, dignified man in a pure white Sherwani stepped out. He was Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder and first Governor General of Pakistan. A vast crowd roared "Pakistan Zindabad!" and pushed forward to see the leader who had won them their country. As he drove through the great sea of people, the Quaid showed no sign of his feelings, for he rarely did so. He remained calm, serious and sober, perhaps because he was thinking of the millions who had become homeless when India and Pakistan were divided. Pakistan's first year was terrible: half a million Muslims were killed or imprisoned and six and a half million people took refuge in Pakistan because of Indian atrocities. Yet the Quaid extended the hand of friendship towards India, believing that the enemy of today might be the friend of tomorrow. Though tired and far from well, he was satisfied that the greater part of his work was done: by the force of his determination and leadership a defeated people had become the greatest of the Muslim States and the fifth largest nation in the world. He assured his people that they were free to worship as they wished, for all citizens of Pakistan were equal.

J. Translate the following sentences from English to Urdu

1. There was much in those days of violence to sadden Jinnah who was a man of very strong feelings although he rarely showed it.

اُن دنوں کے تشدد میں جناح کو غمگین کرنے کے لیے بہت کچھ تھا، جو نہایت شدید جذبات رکھنے والے انسان تھے، اگرچہ وہ اُنہیں شاذ و نادر ہی ظاہر کرتے تھے۔

2. Seventy million people, who once had no country to call their own, had become a nation — with great ideals and a great faith.

سات کروڑ افراد، جن کے پاس کبھی کوئی ایسا ملک نہ تھا جسے وہ اپنا کہہ سکیں، اب ایک قوم بن چکے تھے — عظیم نظریات اور عظیم ایمان کے ساتھ۔

3. Through all the excitement of those first days in the life of the young nation, the man who had made it possible remained calm, serious and sober.

نوزائیدہ قوم کی زندگی کے اُن ابتدائی دنوں کے تمام جوش و خروش کے دوران، وہ شخص جس نے یہ سب ممکن بنایا تھا، پُرسکون، سنجیدہ اور متین رہا۔

4. As he drove through the great sea of people that stretched from the airport to the city, through all the cheers and tears of joy and the never ending slogans of "Pakistan Zindabad", the Quaid showed no signs of his feelings.

جب وہ ہوائی اڈے سے شہر تک پھیلے ہوئے انسانوں کے عظیم سمندر میں سے گزر رہے تھے، تمام نعروں، خوشی کے آنسوؤں اور "پاکستان زندہ باد" کے نہ ختم ہونے والے نعروں کے درمیان، قائد نے اپنے جذبات کا کوئی اظہار نہ کیا۔

5. First to step out of the aeroplane was a tall and dignified man wearing a pure white Sherwani.

جہاز سے سب سے پہلے اُترنے والے ایک بلند قامت اور باوقار شخص تھے جو خالص سفید شیروانی زیبِ تن کیے ہوئے تھے۔

LISTENING & SPEAKING (p.30)

Role play: Make groups and share information and ideas about problems related to the very first year of Pakistan.

Points for the groups to raise:

• The refugee crisis — six and a half million people crossing the border with nothing.
• Massacres on the roads and railways; half a million Muslims killed or imprisoned.
• No proper government machinery: no capital buildings, no furniture, no stationery, no trained staff.
• India's refusal to hand over Pakistan's share of the financial assets (Rs 750 million) and of the military stores.
• The Kashmir dispute and the first war of 1948.
• The accession of the princely states, especially Junagadh and Hyderabad.
• Rehabilitation of refugees, shortage of food, housing and medicine.
• The death of the Quaid-e-Azam himself on 11 September 1948, only thirteen months after independence.

GRAMMAR (pp.31–32)

Article — A. Fill in a, an or the where necessary. Insert X where no article is used

⚠ Note on Q1: both blanks take the, not a. The phrase over there points to one particular T-shirt already known to both speakers, so the definite article is required.
Note on Q2 and Q5: an is used before a vowel sound, not merely a vowel letter — an hour (the h is silent), an old building. Compare a USB drive, where U is pronounced "yoo," a consonant sound.

Verbs — A. Which sentence containing a modal auxiliary has the same meaning as the original?

Key distinction: must not = prohibition (it is forbidden); need not = absence of obligation (it is not necessary). They are opposites, so Q5 cannot be need not.

B. Find the regular verb in each line

C. Decide whether the verbs in colour are transitive or intransitive

⚠ Common mistake on Q5: many students mark laughed as transitive because a noun follows it. Apply the test properly — ask "laughed what?" There is no answer, so the verb is intransitive. A word that follows a preposition (at, on, to, for) is the object of that preposition, never the object of the verb.

Do you remember? (definitions from the book)

GLOSSARY (p.27 — as given in the book)

LIKELY EXAM QUESTIONS

1. Describe the person who came out of the aeroplane at Mauripur, Karachi on 7 August 1947.
2. Why did the crowd roar "Pakistan Zindabad!"?
3. Why had people become homeless in the first year of Pakistan?
4. Why did the Quaid-e-Azam look satisfied although he was tired and unwell?
5. What did the Quaid tell the people about equal rights?
6. Explain the phrases: "the cheers and tears of joy", "far from well", "enemy of today may be friend of tomorrow".
7. Write an essay on your favourite / ideal personality with the help of a mind map.
8. Write the summary of the lesson "Quaid — A Great Leader".
9. Translate the given sentences into Urdu.
10. Define transitive and intransitive verbs, and regular and irregular verbs, with examples.